Legal History Miscellany

Posts on the History of Law, Crime, and Justice

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Author: Sara M. Butler

The King George III Professor in British History at The Ohio State University. I teach medieval and early modern British history with a specialty in social history of the law. I can be reached at butler.960@osu.edu.
November 30, 2025November 30, 2025 Sara M. Butler

Bracton and the History of Emotions

August 14, 2025August 14, 2025 Sara M. Butler

Resisting Visitation in Late Medieval England

May 16, 2025May 15, 2025 Sara M. Butler

All Bastards are Free: The Medieval Origins of the Common Law Rule

February 20, 2025February 18, 2025 Sara M. Butler

Weird and Wonderful: The Mixed Cultural Heritage of England’s Common Law

November 27, 2024November 25, 2024 Sara M. Butler

“Pryket, Pryket, Pryket”: The Persistence of Orality in Fifteenth-Century English Legal Culture

August 28, 2024August 29, 2024 Sara M. Butler

Raptus: What did it mean to Medieval Justices and Jurors?

May 16, 2024June 26, 2025 Sara M. Butler

Pilgrimage, Anglo-Venetian Relations, and Public Urination: The Murder of English John

February 8, 2024February 7, 2024 Sara M. Butler

‘Gon in pilgremage’: Good for the Soul, Great for the Criminal

November 29, 2023November 29, 2023 Sara M. Butler

Who Gets to Keep the Child? A Thirteenth-Century Wardship Dispute Turns Ugly

August 10, 2023July 28, 2023 Sara M. Butler

Legislating Sanctity: Protecting the Graveyard in Medieval England

May 9, 2023May 12, 2023 Sara M. Butler

Regulating the Working Dog in Medieval England

February 10, 2023February 10, 2023 Sara M. Butler

Who killed Licoricia of Winchester? A Medieval Murder Mystery

November 22, 2022July 23, 2024 Sara M. Butler

The Steelyard, Hansard Merchants, and a “Misliving” Singlewoman in Late Medieval London

August 22, 2022August 23, 2022 Sara M. Butler

Forgive us our Trespasses: Reconciliation in Later Medieval England

May 13, 2022March 4, 2024 Sara M. Butler

Alito’s Leaked Draft Majority Opinion and the Medieval History of Abortion

February 18, 2022February 21, 2022 Sara M. Butler

Performing Anti-clericalism: Rioting in Church and against Clergymen in Late Medieval England

November 26, 2021 Sara M. Butler

Nobody Messes with Godfrey Giffard, Bishop of Worcester: Punishing the Violators of Sanctuary

August 23, 2021August 23, 2021 Sara M. Butler

“Horys, strumppettes and fyssenagges”: Defamation in the Courts of Later Medieval England

May 19, 2021 Sara M. Butler

Freedom comes at a Price: The Medieval History of Bail

February 5, 2021February 5, 2021 Sara M. Butler

Surviving an Execution in Medieval England and Modern Ohio: Miracle, or Incompetence?

November 25, 2020March 18, 2022 Sara M. Butler

Trouble with the In-laws? Marriage and Murder in Thirteenth-Century England

August 18, 2020May 12, 2023 Sara M. Butler

Law Enforcement Officials and the Limits of Violence in Medieval England

May 29, 2020June 10, 2020 Sara M. Butler

Carts, Ships, and Trains: Abusing the Deodand

February 21, 2020February 21, 2020 Sara M. Butler

Hearing and Speaking the Law in Medieval England

August 15, 2019 Sara M. Butler

How to tell a Serf from a Slave in Medieval England

May 16, 2019June 28, 2019 Sara M. Butler

Could Priests Claim Sanctuary in Medieval England?

February 8, 2019February 8, 2019 Sara M. Butler

Femme Sole Status: A Failed Feminist Dream?

November 9, 2018December 26, 2018 Sara M. Butler

“Woe unto those who know not how to syllabificate”: The Languages of Medieval Law

August 17, 2018August 17, 2018 Sara M. Butler

A Jewish Woman’s Appeal of Murder in Thirteenth-Century England

May 3, 2018June 17, 2018 Sara M. Butler

Citizen v. John Foreigner: The Politics of Inclusion in Medieval England’s Urban Centers

February 19, 2018June 17, 2018 Sara M. Butler

Persons under the Law? Medieval Animal Rights

November 21, 2017June 17, 2018 Sara M. Butler

Gunpowder, Peine forte et dure, and Medieval Penance

August 15, 2017August 15, 2017 Sara M. Butler

From Game of Thrones to Steven Pinker: Just how Lawless were the Middle Ages?

May 19, 2017May 20, 2017 Sara M. Butler

Reading the Legal Record like a Physician

February 20, 2017February 20, 2017 Sara M. Butler

When did the Poor become Deserving or Undeserving?

November 17, 2016November 18, 2016 Sara M. Butler

Suffering Indifference: Pre-Reformation Approaches to Sacred People and Sacred Space

August 22, 2016March 1, 2017 Sara M. Butler

Anti-Intellectualism and the Invisible Man

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